Polycystic ovarian syndrome or disease (PCOS/PCOD) is a hormonal disorder that affects women in their reproductive age.

The reproductive system of women is controlled by the complex interplay of estrogen, progesterone, LH, FSH, GnRH. Any imbalance of these hormones leads to PCOS.

Causes of PCOS or PCOD

• Excess androgen or testosterone
• Excess production of insulin
• Heredity

Symptoms of PCOS or PCOD

• Irregular menstrual cycle
• Acne
• Hirsutism (abnormal growth of hair on face and body)
• Darkening of skin
• Skin tags
• Thinning hair
• Weight gain

Diagnosis of PCOD

• Irregular periods
• Acne
• Hirsutism
• Higher blood levels of androgens
• Polycystic ovary on sonography

Treatment

• Lifestyle modification - diet / exercise / weight loss
• Hormonal pills
• Surgery